Table 1

Observed APOBEC3-induced mutations at recognized HIV-1 RT resistance sitesa
HIV-1 RT Resistance Position
 Wildtype Codon
 APOBEC3G Target
 APOBEC3F Target
 Observed Mutant Codon
 Mutant Frequency
M41 [NRTI]
 ATG(G)
 +
 -
 ATA
 0.7
D67 [NRTI]
 GAC
 -
 +
 na
 0
Q151 [NRTI]
 CAG(G)
 +
 -
 CAA×
 0.5
M184 [NRTI]
 ATG(G)
 +
 -
 ATA*
 0.6
L210 [NRTI]
 TTG(A)
 -
 +
 TTA×
 0.1
E138 [NNRTI]
 GAG(A)
 -
 +
 AAG*
 0.3
G190 [NNRTI]
 GGA
 +
 +
 AGA
 0.5
M230 [NNRTI]
 ATG(G)
 +
 -
 ATA
 0.7

aAll available hypermutant HIV-1 subtype B reverse transcriptase sequences in the Los Alamos HIV Sequence Database [40] were analyzed (1 sequence sampled per individual, 10 total). Listed resistance positions are potential targets of APOBEC3G and/or APOBEC3F. Class of antiretroviral resistance listed in brackets (NRTI = nucleoside RT inhibitor, NNRTI = non-nucleoside RT inhibitor) [51]. Nucleotides in parentheses are immediately downstream of codons involved in antiretroviral resistance, and are included in the APOBEC3 dinucleotide target motifs. x = synonymous (silent) mutation, * = canonical resistance codon.

Pillai et al. Retrovirology 2008 5:26   doi:10.1186/1742-4690-5-26

Open Data