Figure 7.

MIP-1α induction due to activation of lymphocytes following HTLV-1 infection. MIP-1α was measured in the conditioned medium from the co-culture assays at various time points (day 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 weeks of co-culture) by ELISA. The results showed that MIP-1α expression was up-regulated in PBMCs following stimulation with PHA or IL-2. HTLV-1 infection markedly up-regulated MIP-1α expression in the first week after infection which demonstrated that HTLV-1 infection activated the lymphocytes. MIP-1α levels were significantly different across groups and time. Overall, MIP-1α levels significantly decreased over time (p < 0.0001). After using Dunnett's method to adjust for multiple comparisons, the HTLV-1-treated groups had significantly higher MIP-1α levels than the PBMC group (p < 0.0001).