Table 3

Defining Characteristics of Retroviral Infection in Humanized Mouse Models

Model

Strain of Virus

Method of Infection

Active Viremia (after how long)

Infected Tissues

Depletion of T Cells?

Neutralizing Ab?

SCID-hu Thy/Liv

HIV-1 (R5, X4)

IV or intraorgan

Within a few weeks

CD4+ T and myelomonocytic cells

Yes

No

hu-PBL SCID

HIV-1 (R5, X4)

IP or intraorgan

Within 2 weeks

T cells, vaginal

Yes

Yes

NOD SCID BLT

HIV-1 (R5)

IP, vaginal, rectal

Within a few weeks

Vaginal, rectal, GALT

Yes

Yes

NOD SCID IL2r γ^-/-

HIV-1 (R5, X4)

IP, IV

Within a few weeks

Peripheral blood, spleen, bone marrow, thymus, vaginal

Yes

Yes

Rag2^-/-γc^-/-

HIV-1 (R5, X4)

IP, vaginal, rectal

Within 2 weeks

Peripheral blood, thymic, splenic, and lymphoid tissues, vaginal and rectal mucosa

Yes

Yes

NOD SCID β2m

HTLV-1 (transformed cell lines)

IP, IV

Between 3 and 12 weeks

Peripheral blood, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow

N/A

N/A

NOD SCID IL2rγ null ("NOG")

HTLV-1 (transformed cell lines)

IP, IV

Within 2 weeks

Peritoneal cavity, spleen, peripheral blood

N/A

N/A

Van Duyne et al. Retrovirology 2009 6:76   doi:10.1186/1742-4690-6-76